glasses on notebook

A nonprofit is obligated, just like any other employer, to conduct an investigation when nonprofit management knows or has reason to know, that an employee is being subjected to discrimination, harassment, or other unlawful conduct in the workplace. That is true even if the complainant never submits a formal written complaint and no witnesses provide written statements. For today, let’s focus on sexual harassment and what steps nonprofits should take to make certain that allegations are handled seriously and followed-up on thoroughly.

What is Sexual Harassment?

The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) defines sexual harassment to include unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical harassment of a sexual nature. It also can include offensive remarks about a person’s gender. Both the victim and the harasser can be either a woman or a man, and the victim and harasser can be the same sex. The harasser can be the victim’s supervisor, a manager in another area, a co-worker, or even someone who is not an employee, such as a board member, volunteer, donor, or vendor.

Sexual harassment is considered illegal when it is so frequent or severe that it creates a hostile work environment and/or adversely affects the victim’s job, such as being fired or demoted. Iowa courts and administrative agencies ask, “would a reasonable person find the conduct offensive?”

 

What Should a Nonprofit Organization Do When They Receive a Complaint?

A. A thorough and complete investigation

All sexual harassment allegations should, indeed must be investigated. If an organization refuses to investigate, it can obviously be later accused of not taking complaints seriously. A superficial investigation could also send the message to employees that the organization doesn’t care, or is more concerned about protecting a person in power.

B. Contact your insurer

The nonprofit should contact, just as soon as possible, their insurance carrier (all nonprofits at a minimum should carry directors’ and officers’ liability insurance), to provide the insurer “notice of a potential claim.” If the nonprofit does not provide the insurance company with notice, the insurance company won’t have the opportunity to mitigate or address a potential claim. As a result, the insurance company may well have grounds to refuse to cover any resulting liability. Keep in mind too the insurance carrier will usually have an incentive to assist the nonprofit in avoiding legal liability and may offer resources and expertise, potentially even advice of legal counsel.

C. The investigation

The first step to beginning the investigation is to make a plan and determine the scope of the investigation. Questions to ask and answer: Who will investigate? What evidence needs to be collected? What are the main questions the investigator wants to ask? Who will be interviewed? To protect the integrity of the investigation and the credibility of the process, an organization may
want to bring in an outside, independent investigator.

D. Stay neutral

It is very important to stay neutral throughout the process and focus on the alleged conduct, remembering that harassment is subjective. I cannot emphasize enough that the organization should conduct a thorough investigation. Basic steps include preparing interview questions in advance; gathering evidence that might support or negate the complaint like text messages, voicemails, emails, photos, timecards, business expense reports, and social media posts; check past performance evaluations and prior complaints about the accuser and the accused; document every step; and encourage confidentiality, although never make confidentiality mandatory nor “absolutely guarantee” confidentiality.

E. Decision in written report

After an investigation is conducted, the organization will need to weigh the evidence and make a decision. Here the appropriate standard is what’s known as “preponderance of the evidence.” This is otherwise though of is it more likely than not that the incident occurred?

Then the organization should write a report. If the allegations by the accuser are supported, the employer should take immediate and appropriate corrective action. The EEOC recommends that the written report document the investigation process, findings, recommendation, and any disciplinary action imposed as well as any corrective or preventative action. After the nonprofit has submitted the report to the decision-maker and determined the appropriate action, it should follow up with the parties. The organization should tell the person who filed the complaint that appropriate action was taken, even if it can’t share all the details for privacy reasons.

F. NO Retaliation

After an investigation is complete and action is taken, it is very important is to check back with the employee regularly to ensure that no further harassment or retaliation has occurred. It is essential to explain to the victim that the nonprofit will not retaliate, and indeed will protect the victim from retaliation. It is also essential for all involved to understand (especially the alleged harasser) that retaliation is a separate and equally serious violation of the nonprofit’s policies, whether or not the underlying harassment did in fact occur.

G. No retaliation against third parties, such as witnesses

Prohibited retaliation can take place against anyone involved in the investigation, not just the accuser. It can take the form of leaving someone out of activities or decision-making that the person would normally participate in or be as direct as refusing to provide a requested accommodation or terminating employment. It can even be unintentional! A too-common example is moving an individual’s office thinking that by moving the office the employer is “protecting” the alleged victim.

H. Retaliation is the most common mistake

Retaliation for filing a complaint of sexual harassment is the most common mistake employers make in connection with their response to a complaint of sexual harassment. Again, for emphasis: do not retaliate against any employee or independent contractor who participates in the investigation.

Keep Protection Top of Mind

Remember: protecting the harassed employee is exactly the same as protecting the nonprofit. In sexual harassment situations, the best way that the board and executive director can protect the nonprofit is to make sure they find out what’s really going on, and if necessary, punish and remove harassers from the workforce. So, protecting employees is really protecting the nonprofit.

What questions or concerns do you have on this topic? What is your nonprofit doing currently in regards to potential situations such as this? Is it time to make a change or implement quality policies and procedures? Please do not hesitate to contact me via email (gordon@gordonfischerlawfirm.com) or on my cell phone (515-371-6077).

There are many fantastic ways to celebrate and honor Women’s History Month. To help add to the festivities throughout the month of March, I recommend turning up my latest Spotify playlist.

women's history month

Featuring a collection of empowering, inspiring songs sung by rockstar women. Feel free to crank up the tunes when you: need a positive boost, want to dance it out, or even when you’re brainstorming about how to support gender parity through charitable donations or dedicated nonprofit programs.

Who are your favorite female artists you love to jam out to? I’d love to hear from you on Facebook or Twitter. And if this playlist inspires thoughts about forming a female-focused nonprofit, or building a more representative board, or enhancing programming centered on women’s rights or women’s history? Don’t hesitate to contact me via email or phone (515-371-6077).

lottery balls

Pull out those lucky golden tickets because the Mega Millions lottery jackpot has reached a record $1.6 billion. (The Powerball isn’t too shabby either, at $620 million). Undoubtedly, we’ve all daydreamed about what we would do with cash like that. Maybe your dream is jet setting, paying off debt (and then some), funding educations for your entire family, building a swank mansion stocked with Teslas…but, let’s bring it back to reality for a moment and talk about two perfectly practical and important things you SHOULD add to that list if you’re suddenly a Mr./Mrs. Money Bags.

sports car in front of mansion

Make an Estate Plan

It’s definitely true that estate planning is not just for the wealthy, but that doesn’t mean it’s NOT for the wealthy too! Estate planning is essential for the effective and successful transfer of wealth for high net worth individuals. A quality estate planner will take all assets (from artwork to real estate to investments) into consideration when deciding what strategies, vehicles, and tools to maximize your goals, tax savings for your estate, and solidify your legacy. (You do not want to join the likes of these celebs who passed away without a will!) With a high net worth, you definitely need to consider different types of trusts in addition to how best to practice charitable giving through testamentary gifts.

If you already have an estate plan, that great! But, with a massive influx of wealth you’ll likely need major updates and revisions.

Found a Private Foundation

Undoubtedly, if you come into massive wealth everyone is going to come out from the woodwork to try and get a piece of it. It’s great to share your winnings with the people and causes you care about, but you definitely don’t want fraudsters, scammers, or thieves looking to swoop in a take a piece of the pie. One of the best ways to protect your cash is by founding a private foundation. After you win, donate the money to your newly founded [Insert Your Name Here] Family Foundation of which you can serve as the executive director.

This is a smart move on multiple advisable fronts. For starters, because a private foundation is a charitable organization, you minimize your personal tax liability greatly. Furthermore, and more importantly, you get to use your endowed Foundation to support your charitable passion projects, help your community, and solidify a reputation for being an influential philanthropist. (Inspirational speaker circuit anyone?)

The private foundation, with its sound investment policies, is also a good way to have the principle grow significantly over time.

With a private foundation, you can serve as the executive direction and then hire family members and friends to essential administrative roles. Wondering how you actually “see” any of that money you transferred to your foundation? Salaries for such positions can be established based on private foundations of a similar size and wealth, so you can expect at least “enough” for an affluent life.

When founding a private foundation, enlisting an experienced nonprofit attorney is a must. Have your attorney advise on the IRS regulations you need to adhere to like filing the appropriate documents, refrain from political donations, and adopt important good governance policies and procedures. Additionally, you’ll want to avoid self-dealing like the plague! That means you can’t use foundation funds for your personal benefit, even if you founded it, because the foundation is completely separate different legal entity with a governing board of trustees who owe the foundation a fiduciary duty.

Person with fan of cash

There is much more to be said on the minutia of forming a compliant, successful private foundation, but we’ll save that for a future post! In the meantime, if you have questions, don’t hesitate to contact me!

You don’t need to be a lottery winner to establish a charitable organization (private or public)! With a mission, vision, and the tenacious drive to make an impact, you can form your own organization at any time if you follow the proper process. I’d love to help make your estate planning goals and charitable organization dreams happen at any asset level. Schedule your free consult or drop me a line via email or phone (515-371-6077).

MLK Jr Statue

There are few speeches that resonate across space and time in the way that Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech has. Delivered on this day in 1963 from the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C., the iconic speech has inspired the importance of hope and change in America for multiple generations. He challenged America to “rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.'” Take a moment to revisit the speech. You can listen to the audio of the speech on The Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute’s webpage and I’ve included the text of the speech below as well below.

I have the same dream

I Have A Dream

I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation.

Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand today, signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity.

But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize a shameful condition.

In a sense we have come to our nation’s capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds.” But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. So we have come to cash this check — a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quick sands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God’s children.

It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment. This sweltering summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning. Those who hope that the Negro needed to blow off steam and will now be content will have a rude awakening if the nation returns to business as usual. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerges.

But there is something that I must say to my people who stand on the warm threshold which leads into the palace of justice. In the process of gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred.

We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. Again and again we must rise to the majestic heights of meeting physical force with soul force. The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the Negro community must not lead us to a distrust of all white people, for many of our white brothers, as evidenced by their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny. They have come to realize that their freedom is inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone.

As we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall always march ahead. We cannot turn back. There are those who are asking the devotees of civil rights, “When will you be satisfied?” We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied, as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. We cannot be satisfied as long as the Negro’s basic mobility is from a smaller ghetto to a larger one. We can never be satisfied as long as our children are stripped of their selfhood and robbed of their dignity by signs stating “For Whites Only”. We cannot be satisfied as long as a Negro in Mississippi cannot vote and a Negro in New York believes he has nothing for which to vote. No, no, we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until justice rolls down like waters and righteousness like a mighty stream.

I am not unmindful that some of you have come here out of great trials and tribulations. Some of you have come fresh from narrow jail cells. Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality. You have been the veterans of creative suffering. Continue to work with the faith that unearned suffering is redemptive.

Go back to Mississippi, go back to Alabama, go back to South Carolina, go back to Georgia, go back to Louisiana, go back to the slums and ghettos of our northern cities, knowing that somehow this situation can and will be changed. Let us not wallow in the valley of despair.

I say to you today, my friends, so even though we face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, I still have a dream. It is a dream deeply rooted in the American dream.

I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal.”

I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.

I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification; one day right there in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.

I have a dream today.

I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together.

This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.

This will be the day when all of God’s children will be able to sing with a new meaning, “My country, ‘tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing. Land where my fathers died, land of the pilgrim’s pride, from every mountainside, let freedom ring.”

And if America is to be a great nation this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania!

Let freedom ring from the snowcapped Rockies of Colorado!

Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California!

But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia!

Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!

Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.

And when this happens, when we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God’s children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, “Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last!”

Buckingham Palace with gate

Britain’s Royal Family has been very much in the news lately. There was the recent wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle. There’s also the hit Netflix series The Crown. (Who else can’t wait for season 3?!) Trump broke royal protocol multiple times on his recent trip. Prince George just turned five. And, earlier this summer (June 2 to be precise), Queen Elizabeth II marked the 65th anniversary of her 1953 coronation ceremony.

In front of more than 8,000 guests, including prime ministers and international heads of state, she took the Coronation Oath to serve her people. She was handed four symbols of authority—the Sovereign’s Orb, royal sceptreRod of Equity and Mercy, and the royal ring of sapphire and rubies. The Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Geoffrey Fisher, then placed St Edward’s Crown on her head to complete the ceremony.

An Unavoidable Unknown: Life Expectancy

I doubt very few of those dignitaries present would have guessed that Queen Elizabeth would reign for 65 years (and counting). In fact, I’ll bet if you told folks present at the ceremony that she would continue as Queen for well more than six decades, they would have thought you were, in English parlance, “crackers!”

But, one never knows about any one person’s life expectancy. Queen Elizabeth’s reigning longevity is surprising, but so, in reverse, is life of both celebrities and our family/friends alike cut too short.

There is a macabre and unfunny joke among estate planners: “Not everyone dies when they are supposed to.”  We all hope to live to be a ripe old age, like Queen Elizabeth II, and look back on a happy, fulfilling life. But it doesn’t always happen.

Ultimately Queen Elizabeth will pass away too. Everyone does. That’s why everyone needs an estate plan, even though you’re not the Queen of England and even if you’re not wealthy; even if you’re single; and even if you’re young.

Be prepared for the best, or be prepared for . . . less than the best. Have an estate plan in place so that your loved ones will not have to deal with the stress, ambiguity, and heartache of struggling with the confusion that comes with of intestate succession and not knowing your wishes or wants.

queen's crown

Royal Benefits of Revocable Living Trusts

A revocable living trust may make sense for many folks, not just royally wealth. The benefits of trusts are many, but one of the main ones is that assets avoid probate. This saves time and means distribution of assets to heirs more quickly and easily. Trusts avoiding probate generally mean less costs at death—less attorneys’ fees, less court costs, and, typically, less taxes. Living revocable trusts are also super flexible; in a single trust instrument you can name guardians for your minor children; protect assets from creditors; give to your favorite charities; and set up an endowment.

Along with a living revocable trust, you’ll also want several other legal documents: a power of attorney for health care; a power of attorney for financial matters; and a disposition of final remains, to name a few.

You don’t have to be a royal to know that estate planning is a smart, strategic, crowning achievement you can be proud of. Just like Queen Elizabeth’s longstanding legacy, you too can cement your place in history (if even just within your immediate family and with the charitable causes you care for). If you don’t have an estate plan yet, the best way to get started is by filling out GFLF’s free Estate Plan Questionnaire, or contact Gordon. If you already have an estate plan and want to invest in the benefits of a living revocable trust, don’t hesitate to reach out via email or by phone (515) 371-6077.